MAHATMA GANDHI HISTORY||THE APPU WORLD

 Mahatma Gandhi history

You know Mahatma Gandhi is pride of India so I know the history about him so I just wanted to show you

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, in the present state of India in Gujarat. His father was a dewan (prime minister) of Porbandar; His devout mother was Vaishnavism (worshiper of the Hindu god Vishnu), a fanatic and extremist figure in Jainism, a self-sacrificing religion characterized by self-discipline and nonviolence. At the age of 19, Mohandas left home to study law in London at the Inner Temple, one of the city's four law firms. When he returned to India in the middle of 1891, he set up a legal system in Bombay, but with little success. He soon accepted a position at an Indian company that sent him to his office in South Africa. Along with his wife, Kasturbai, and their children, Gandhi lived in South Africa for almost 20 years.

Gandhi was amazed at the discrimination he faced as a South African Indian. When a European magistrate in the harbor asked him to take off his coat, he refused and walked out of the courtroom. On a train trip to Pretoria, he was thrown out of the first train and beaten by a white train driver after refusing to give his seat to a European passenger. That train journey served as a turning point for Gandhi, and he soon began to develop and teach the concept of Sagagraha (“truth and firmness”), or simply to resist coercion, as a way of not cooperating with the authorities.

In 1906, after the Transvaal government passed a law regarding the registration of Indian people, Gandhi led a public disobedience campaign that would continue for the next eight years. In the latter part of 1913, hundreds of Indians living in South Africa, including women, were arrested, and thousands of striking Indian miners were arrested, beaten, and shot. Finally, under pressure from the British and Indian governments, the South African government adopted an agreement reached by Gandhi and General Jan Christian Smuts, which included important agreements such as the recognition of Indian marriages and the abolition of existing Indian voting taxes.

Mahatma Gandhi picture

In July 1914, Gandhi left South Africa and returned to India. He supported Britain's military efforts during World War I but continued to criticize colonial authorities for seemingly unjust actions. In 1919, Gandhi launched a formal anti-liberation movement in response to Parliament's passing of the Rowlatt Act, which gave the colonial authorities an urgent power to suppress revolutionary activities. He is back in the wake of a spate of violence - including a massacre by British-led British and 400 other Indians attending a rally in Amritsar - but for a time, and in 1920 he became a prominent figure in the Indian liberation movement.

As part of her campaign against domestic violence, Gandhi emphasized the importance of economic freedom in India. He especially encouraged the manufacture of khaddar, or domestic fabric, instead of fabrics from Britain. Gandhi's eloquence and devotion to prayer, fasting and meditation earned him the respect of his followers, who called him the Mahatma (Sanskrit "soul"). Invested entirely in the Indian National Congress (INC or Congress Party), Gandhi transformed the liberation movement into a major party, leading a strike by British producers and institutions representing British influence in India, including legislatures and schools.

Following the outbreak of periodic violence, Gandhi announced the end of the war, much to the consternation of his supporters. British authorities arrested Gandhi in March 1922 and charged him with sedition; was sentenced to six years in prison but was released in 1924 after undergoing surgery for appendicitis. He abstained from political activity for several years, but in 1930 he launched a new campaign of public disobedience against the salt tax of the colonial government, which greatly affected India's poorest citizens.

In 1931, after the British authorities had set some goals, Gandhi re-formed the party and agreed to represent the Congress Party at the Round Table conference in London. Meanwhile, some of his party colleagues - especially Mohammed Ali Jinnah, the leading voice of a few Indian Muslims - are frustrated with Gandhi's methods, and what they see as a lack of tangible benefits. Imprisoned on his return by the newly offended colonial government, Gandhi began a series of hunger strikes depicting the so-called "unaffected" (poor class) Indians, renamed Harijans, or "children of God." Fasting created tensions between his followers and led to rapid changes in Hindu society and government.

In 1934, Gandhi announced his political retirement, as well as his departure from Congress, to focus on his efforts to work in rural communities. Returning to the political issue of the outbreak of World War II, Gandhi once again took control of the INC, demanding that Britain withdraw from India because of Indian cooperation and war effort. Instead, British troops bound all Congress leadership, bringing British-Indian relations to a new level.

After the Labor Party took power in Britain in 1947, negotiations on Indian home rule began between Britain, the Congress Party and the Muslim League (now led by Jinnah). Later that year, Britain granted India independence but split the country into two kingdoms: India and Pakistan. Gandhi strongly opposed the separation, but agreed with the hope that after independence Hindus and Muslims would find inner peace. Among the major riots that followed the Party, Gandhi called on Hindus and Muslims to live peacefully together, and continued the hunger strike until the Calcutta riots ended.

In January 1948, Gandhi made another fast, this time to bring peace to the city of Delhi. On January 30, 12 days after the fast was over, Gandhi was on his way to an evening prayer in Delhi when he was shot dead by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu fanatic of Mahatma's attempts to negotiate with Jinnah and other Muslims. The next day, about 1 million people followed the procession as Gandhi's body was carried to the streets of the city and cremated on the banks of the holy Jumna River.

That's all i got for today see you tommorow with another one bye!!